37
seeking to measure the impact on learning and development as mentioned above. This finding,
combined with others, provides ample basis to continue promote service in college as a tool to
enhance student learning and development and to augment...
6
in the area of ESL. She has taught in the Iron County School District in the state of Utah for six
years. Two of the years taught were in fourth grade and the remaining four have been in first
grade.
Definition of Terms
The following are...
21
This process of data-based decision making will allow teachers to more effectively determine the
appropriate method of instruction or intervention on an individualized and/or classroom basis.
Parent Involvement
The National PTA found support for...
23
Research confirms that the most critical relationship regarding student achievement
remains the connection between teacher and parent. Maintaining open communications between
the teacher, the student, and the parent is crucial. Successful...
25
Chapter 3
Methodology
Purpose
The purpose of this thesis project was to improve the effectiveness of a school-specific
discipline program, the Pro-Active Skill Building Program. The researcher intended to develop a
more structured system for...
26
skill’s coach, and the school counselor. The goal was to help teachers reflect on best practices
and to use least restrictive behavior interventions (Harrington, 2008). This way, the students
who most need behavior modification will receive...
iv
List of Tables
Table 1 Population for Investigation into Barriers to School Gardens ............................ 45
Table 2 Barriers Identified by Interviewees to School Gardens ....................................... 53
Table 3...
2
Chapter 1
Introduction- Nature of the Problem
School gardens have constituted a valuable opportunity to integrate curriculum
and provide hands-on learning. The school garden movement planted itself in numerous
education philosophies including...
2
the “greening” of schools to bring a natural environment to urban areas and supplement
school meal plans with food grown on campus. Urban school gardens provided a
valuable learning environment that was unusual in large cities. Rural schools...
3
controlled stratified national sample of thirty suburban school districts. Quantitative and
qualitative data was gathered from suburban, public school administrators. This research
did not seek data from rural, urban, or private schools. This...
10
fueled considerable anxiety around school board members and administrators,
many of who had farm or small town backgrounds. Enthusiastic supporters were
drawn to the promise of school gardens not only as a way to better implement
nature study...
34
Chapter 3
Methodology
The purpose of this research was to identify and examine barriers to the use of
school gardens for learning in public, suburban school districts. This research examined
the following questions: 1) What were the main...
35
were identified as rural, suburban, or urban. The population sample consisted of district
administrators in public suburban schools. Ten urban cities across the nation from
varying planting zones and geographical locations were selected with...
36
resources provided for school gardens; 6) integration of school gardens with state
curriculum standards; 7) funding of school gardens; and 8) attributes that correlated with
successful school garden programs. Since the participants in this study...
39
Chapter 4
Results
The hypothesis examined was that the barriers to school gardens in public,
suburban school districts were lack of (a) growing time or climate, (b) educator
knowledge, (c) curriculum application, (d) educator initiative, and (e)...
47
The most popular school gardens were vegetable and natural/native habitat. All
of the nine reporting suburban groups had a natural/native habitat and vegetable garden.
The second most frequently cited type of school garden in the suburban groups...
52
main barriers to using school gardens?” The results of this question were based on
objectively reported barriers from each suburban school district interviewee. The results
were evaluated based on the eighteen administrators interviewed who...
54
This research examined the barriers to school gardens and how the barriers were
overcome. This was measured by question six and seven in the survey. Every insight to
how the school gardens succeeded and how barriers were overcome were...
56
conducted as an interview and administrators sometimes responded with more than one
answer to a question. The consolidated county school districts’ answers were counted
three times for each suburban city in the sample because these factors...