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Display: 20

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    • 1 CHAPTER 1 Introduction -­‐ Nature of the Problem The connection between physical activity and student engagement is a heavily debated topic in the field of education. The health benefits of physical activity are well documented but the academic...
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    • 11 C3.2x Enthalpy Chemical reactions involve breaking bonds in reactants (endothermic) and forming new bonds in the products (exothermic). The enthalpy change for a chemical reaction will depend on the relative strengths of the bonds in the...
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    • 12 are designed by The Center for Disease Control and Prevention. They suggest that children should participate in aerobic and activities daily, muscle-­‐strengthening activities three days a week, and bone-­‐strengthening activities twice a we...
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    • 13 The benefits of recess are more apparent with lower-­‐elementary students than upper-­‐elementary students because young children need more breaks throughout the day than older children in order to process information. Due to the cognitive i...
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    • 15 statistics were collected almost ten years ago, but further research showed little change from these figures. Several assumptions have been made about physical education benefits throughout the research. These assumptions were best summarized in t...
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    • 16 letters out of body movements, or participating in a clapping game with a partner. Energizers are a playful way to incorporate physical activity and mental stimulation into tightly packed school days (Erlauer, 2003). Most energizers can be incorpo...
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    • 17 Currently, energizer programs are being designed by teachers to integrate physical activity into the academic curriculum. One example is the Take 10! Program. Take 10! is a classroom-­‐based physical activity program designed by the Internation...
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    • 2 Background, Significance, and Purpose Statement Researchers are continually investigating how the brain is stimulated by body movement. While researchers do not fully understand the physiological mechanisms responsible for enhancing cognition throu...
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    • 20 important method of developing metal functioning that is central to both cognitive and social development” (Tomporowski, Davis, Miller, & Naglieri, 2008, p. 120) Trudeau and Shepard’s study, Physical education, school physical activity, school...
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    • 22 There are many trends found throughout all of these previous studies. First, decreasing or eliminating time for physical activity in order to accommodate for other academic subjects will not lead to improved student achievement. Second, increasing...
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    • 23 CHAPTER 3 Methodology The purpose of this study was to identify what types of physical activity breaks prove most effective for refocusing first-­‐grade students on to academic work. Furthermore, this study identified if recess, classroom energ...
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    • 24 Asperger Syndrome. There are zero students with physical disabilities that prevented them from participating in physical activity. Five first-­‐grade teachers from Willow Springs Elementary School along with the researcher were also be involved...
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    • 25 Instrumentation The evaluator used modified version of a pre-­‐existing evaluation form to track student engagement. The original form has been designed and used by school administrators in many Utah school districts for many years review teach...
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    • 26 INCLUSION: IN SERVICE TRAINING Adapting quizzes and exams. Teachers may find it necessary to record classes for disabled students with weak reading or writing skills in order to allow them to study using auditory techniques (Perles, 2010). Another...
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    • 29 CHAPTER 4 Results The data collected throughout this study provided information about what types of physical activity breaks prove most effective for refocusing first-­‐grade students on academic work. Through testing three different types of p...
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    • 29 reduce barriers. Teachers who were familiar with maintenance people were able to solicit their input for planting opportunities (Coffee & Rivkin,1998). An obtained copy of the physical plans for schools helped to avoid utility lines and other...
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    • 3 Along with promoting physical activity for health benefits, the government is currently encouraging schools to promote movement breaks throughout the day to increase academic performance. A recent government review of research discovered that, “c...
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    • 38 After examining the data and observing the first-­‐grade students for an eight-­‐week period it is clear that kids need to be given opportunities throughout the day to get up and move. When compared against a period of resting, students appe...
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    • 39 CHAPTER 5 Discussion The data collected in this study provides educators with a deeper understanding about the connection between physical activity and student engagement. Educators may use the data to more appropriately design school day schedule...
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    • 4 students should partake in physical activity breaks. This study has attempted to identify which type of physical activity is most beneficial for increasing attentiveness and engagement in learning for first-­‐graders. Additional questions that a...
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