1
AN ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIVE ESSAY SCORING PROGRAMS AND THEIR
POTENTIAL IMPACT ON DIRECT WRITING ASSESSMENT SCORES IN UTAH
Chapter 1
Introduction - Nature of the Problem
Every English teacher knows the pain of issuing a writing assignment. For...
1
Chapter
1
Introduction
Due
to
the
various
benefits
of
inclusion,
many
school
systems
today
are
moving
toward
inclusion,
or
integrating
students
with
disabilities
into
the
regular
education
setting
(Perles,
2010;
Vaughn,
2007).
Pupils
with
disabilit...
1
Chapter I
Introduction, Literature Review, and Problem Statement
Over 920 million tourists traveled internationally in 2008, with more than half
traveling for leisure (World Tourism Organization [UNWTO], 2009). Tourist spending
in 2008 reached US...
1
Support from the
C. Charles Jackson Foundation
has made this publication possible
and contributed to the projects showcased on these pages.
Considerable appreciation is due to
Dr. Bruce H. Jackson
Executive Director
brucehjackson@ gma il.com
For...
10
are able to make “annual growth” in the first few years of school, they will not become further
behind others, but they still will be unable to reach appropriate benchmarks.
Research indicates that, although data vary from state to state,...
10
Fewster, & McCormick (2010) further stated that “approximately eight million adolescents struggled with reading” (p. 636).
High School (9th to 12th Grade)
Cassidy, Valadez, Garrett, & Barrera (2010) reported that adolescent literacy is a hot...
10
For instance, ―100% Pure Assurance‖ marks a symbol for quality accommodations in
New Zealand (New Zealand Tourism Board, 2010, para. 6). Other alterations could
promote adventure, romance, education, spirituality, or value while still tying...
10
for poor school outcomes, not only because of language issues, but also because of
socioeconomic issues (Goldenberg, 2008). Most Hispanic Americans are characterized as
having low levels of educational success and high rates of poverty, and this...
10
INCLUSION:
IN
SERVICE
TRAINING
bus,
or
in
a
classroom.
Students
need
to
be
integrated,
or
incorporated,
within
the
regular
classroom.
Physical
vicinity
is
not
the
only
change
spoken
of
here,
but
of
social
and
academic
integration
as
well.
Partial...
10
physical
activity
throughout
the
day
tend
to
show
increased
brain
function,
higher
concentration
levels,
higher
energy
levels,
increases
self-‐esteem
and
better
behavior
which
may
all
support
cognitive
learning
(Cocke,
2002).
This
increase
in...
10
writing at this institution is not valued as human communication—and this
in turn reduces the validity of the assessment (CCCC Executive Committee,
2004).
They also have concerns with companies not communicating their algorithms with their...
102
roughly 253 visitors per 100 inhabitants (Statistics Austria, 2010). Tourism contributes
significantly to the national income and employment level. The current share of tourism-induced
gross value added has topped 10% of GDP as of 2008...
104
Internet advertising.
The Internet is increasingly considered one of the most effective ways to advertise
since the Internet has several advantages over the traditional forms of advertising in the
travel and tourism industry, including...
109
2010. Of the total number of surveys collected, 212 were rejected for incompleteness or
respondents did not meet the residency or age requirements discussed; 973 were deemed
usable.
Data analysis methodology.
Software packages.
Predictive...
11
INCLUSION:
IN
SERVICE
TRAINING
least
restrictive
to
meet
their
individual
needs.
According
to
Essex
(2008),
the
least
restrictive
environment
begins
with
placement
in
the
everyday
classroom.
However,
IDEA
recognizes
that
all
children
do
not
fit
in...
11
students early” (p. 280). As Greenfield, Rinaldi, Proctor, and Cardarelli (2010) relate, ownership
of learning difficulties are moved from the student to the teacher and the instruction. When the
teacher does not see the student improving or...
11
today require some college education, and the needs for efficient literary skills are increasing in the fast-growing job market (National Governor’s Association, 2005).
The research suggests that even adolescents are struggling with simple...
112
Appendix A
Approval for project
Approval for the creative project was received February 2010. It was given by James
McCoy, doctor in the Master’s of Education department at Southern Utah University.
113
REQUEST FOR IRB EXEMPTION
Name: Dr. James W. McCoy and Colleen Okeson
Position at SUU: Assistant Professor of Graduate Studies in Education
College: Education
Telephone # and fax #: Phone: 435-865-8290 Fax: 435-865-8485
Exemption category...
114
Appendix B
Parent/guardian letter of approval
A letter was sent to the parent/guardian of Mrs. Okeson’s algebra I students on March 2,
2010. Contact information was given if the adult did not want their child participating in the
creative...